Pacman

config

下载的包本地保存目录 /var/cache/pacman/pkg/

mirrorlist /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

配置文件 /etc/pacman.conf

更新时忽略包 vim /etc/pacman.conf 进行如下配置

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# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup
IgnorePkg = intellij-idea-ultimate-edition intellij-idea-ultimate-edition-jre

commands

帮助

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pacman -h
pacman -Sh

跳过手动输入 Y/N 确认参数 –noconfirm

更新系统

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pacman -Syu

慎用 强制更新系统

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pacman -Syy

查询

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pacman -Ss package_name

安装

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pacman -S package_name

下载不安装

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pacman -Sw package_name

删除单个软件包,保留其全部已经安装的依赖关系

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pacman -R package_name

删除指定软件包,及其所有没有被其他已安装软件包使用的依赖关系

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pacman -Rs package_name

删除软件包和所有依赖这个软件包的程序 警告: 此操作是递归的,请小心检查,可能会一次删除大量的软件包

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pacman -Rsc package_name

删除软件包 -d 跳过依赖版本检查 -dd 跳过所有检查

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pacman -Rdd package_name

pacman 删除某些程序时会备份重要配置文件,在其后面加上 *.pacsave 扩展名。-n 选项可以删除这些文件

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pacman -Rn package_name
pacman -Rsn package_name

/var/cache/pacman/pkg/ 本地包缓存目录中删除旧包 (-cc 删除全部包)

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pacman -Sc
pacman -Scc

降级

不建议乱来,可以先在虚拟机上实验 参考

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pacman -U xxx

低版本包检索地址 archlinux packages

Install a local package

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pacman -U /var/cache/pacman/pkg/xxx.pkg.tar.zst

Install a remote package

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pacman -U https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/f/ffmpeg/ffmpeg-2%3A4.4.1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst

AUR

需要安装 base-devel、git

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pacman -S base-devel git

搜索 AUR 包

使用 git 下载AUR包

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git clone xxx.git

安装命令

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makepkg -sirc

To build the package and install needed dependencies, add the flag

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makepkg -s/--syncdeps

To clean up leftover files and directories

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makepkg -c/--clean

makepkg to remove the make dependencies later, which are no longer needed

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makepkg -r/--rmdeps

Once all dependencies are satisfied and the package builds successfully,a package file (pkgname-pkgver.pkg.tar.zst) will be created in the working directory.

To install, use -i/–install

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makepkg -i/--install
# same as
pacman -U pkgname-pkgver.pkg.tar.zst

example:

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git clone xxx.git
cd xxx
makepkg -sirc